How to Become an Airline Pilot in Belgium
and Earn ~€10,800/month

2–3 years of intensive training after secondary school. Brussels Airlines captain €12,000+, experienced First Officer €7,000 — the reality of the airline pilot profession in Belgium, backed by data.

📅 22 March 2026 ⏱ ~12 min read ✈️ Official EASA / DGTA data 🇧🇪 Belgian airlines

✈️ ~€10,800/month — What Does a Pilot Really Earn?

Thomas Miller (fictitious name), based at Brussels Airport (BRU), completed his ATPL training at CAE Brussels and joined Brussels Airlines as a First Officer. Seven years into his career, he now earns €6,500 per month as an experienced First Officer, with his captain's check on the horizon. Once promoted, a monthly income of €10,000–€12,000 is entirely realistic.

€12,000+
Brussels Airlines Captain — maximum
€7,000
Experienced First Officer (FO Experienced) — average
€3,500
Junior First Officer (FO Junior) — starting point
2–3 years
Time required to complete training

These figures represent base salary + flight allowances. International long-haul flights, night allowances and per diems push the actual take-home figure higher. However, training costs reaching up to €100,000 remain the single biggest barrier to entry.

✈️ What this guide covers: EASA ATPL training routes, comparison of Belgian flight schools, licence structure, salary realities by airline, income curve across career stages, and how the market has shifted following the BAFA bankruptcy.

🗺️ Training Roadmap — From School Leaver to Airline Pilot

In Belgium, the path to becoming an airline pilot breaks down into 4 key stages. It is considerably shorter than a medical degree (12–15 years), although the cost can be even higher.

3–6 monthsObtain PPL
18–24 monthsATPL theory + flight training
1–3 yearsFO Junior experience
3–8 yearsFO Experienced
8 years+Captain
Month 0
📋 Check Entry Requirements — Class 1 Medical
Passing the EASA Class 1 medical certificate is the absolute priority. Strict criteria apply for vision (correction permitted), cardiac health and mental health. The examination takes place at a medical centre approved by the DGTA (Direction Générale Transport Aérien) in Belgium. Colour blindness results in automatic disqualification. Always undergo the medical examination before enrolling at a flight school.
1–6 months
✈️ Obtain PPL (Private Pilot Licence)
Some integrated courses (Integrated ATPL) include the PPL internally. Taken separately, it can be obtained at a small flying club with approximately 45 hours of flight time. Cost: around €8,000–€12,000. Training then continues via an integrated ATPL or modular course.
6–30 months
🎓 ATPL Theory + Flight Training (Integrated or MPL)
Passing all 14 EASA ATPL(A) theory subjects is mandatory. Flight training of at least 250 hours (integrated course) or an MPL (Multi-Crew Pilot Licence) of approximately 240 hours. Two main options: CAE Brussels (24 months, €107,000) and Skywings MPL (19 months, €99,500).
30 months
🏅 CPL/IR + MCC — Ready to Apply
Completion of CPL (Commercial Pilot Licence) + IR (Instrument Rating) + MCC (Multi-Crew Co-operation). At this stage, total flight hours stand at approximately 250. Applications to airlines become possible, although competition is fierce.
Years 3–5
🛫 FO Junior at an Airline — Building Experience
After joining Brussels Airlines, TUI fly etc., accumulating 1,500 flight hours is the requirement to convert the ATPL. During this period, the 'Frozen ATPL' converts to a 'Full ATPL'. The Type Rating (aircraft type qualification) is either covered by the airline or paid for by the pilot (approximately €30,000).
8 years+
⭐ Captain Promotion — The €10,000+ Era
After logging a minimum of 1,500 flight hours (EASA ATPL standard) and passing internal airline checks, promotion to captain is achievable. The retirement age for pilots in Belgium is set at 65 under EASA rules. Restrictions may apply to long-haul captains between the ages of 60 and 65.
⚠️ BAFA Bankruptcy Warning: One of Belgium's largest flight schools, BAFA (Belgian Air Force Academy — civilian division), went bankrupt in 2024. Students in training suffered significant losses. When choosing a flight school, always verify the financial stability and EASA approval status.

🏫 Belgian Flight School Comparison

In Belgium, the main ATOs (Approved Training Organisations) offering EASA ATPL training in 2026 centre on 2 key players. The market restructured following the BAFA bankruptcy.

SchoolCourseDurationCostHighlightsReputation
CAE Brussels
Steenokkerzeel
Integrated ATPL(A) 24 months €107,000 Canadian CAE global network, full flight simulators, airline-linked recruitment TOP
Skywings
Liège / Antwerp
MPL (Multi-Crew) 19 months €99,500 MPL specialist, TUI fly partnership programme, faster completion Recommended
EPAG
Gosselies
Modular CPL/IR 24–36 months €60,000–75,000 Flexible modular progression, costs can be spread over time Cost-Efficient

Integrated ATPL vs MPL vs Modular — Which Option Is Best?

CriterionIntegrated ATPLMPLModular CPL/IR
Total cost€100,000–110,000€95,000–105,000€55,000–75,000
Duration22–24 months18–20 months24–36 months
Licence awardedCPL/IR + MCCMPL (airline-specific)CPL/IR + MCC
FlexibilityModerateLow (designated airline)High
Airline recognitionHighModerateModerate
Best suited forFast-track employmentSpecific target airlineCost reduction priority

Training at CAE gave me a clear advantage when applying to Brussels Airlines. The interviewers treated a CAE background as evidence that core competencies were already proven. The €107,000 cost was a heavy burden, but with family support and a student loan I recovered it within two years.

💡 Funding tips: In Belgium, financial products specifically designed for pilot training are limited. Consider these options in order: education loans from major banks (KBC, BNP Paribas Fortis), the European Guarantee Fund for Youth (EGF), and airline cadet programmes (training costs advanced and deducted from salary).

💶 Full Cost Breakdown — Including Hidden Expenses

Beyond official tuition fees, pilot training carries many unexpected additional costs. Build a realistic budget by accounting for all expenditure.

ItemCAE BrusselsSkywings MPLNote
✈️ Tuition fees (base)€107,000€99,500Flight hours included
🏥 Class 1 medical€350–500€350–500Annual renewal required
📚 Textbooks and online resources€1,500–2,500€1,500–2,00014 ATPL subjects
🛫 Type Rating€25,000–35,000Partly includedMay be covered by airline
🏠 Living expenses (24 months)€18,000–24,000€14,000–19,000Brussels: €750–1,000/month
🔖 Licence issuance fees€500–800€500–800DGTA fees
Total estimated cost€152,350–170,800€115,850–121,800Type Rating at pilot's expense
~€130,000
Realistic total for CAE integrated course (Type Rating covered by airline) — Brussels living costs included
🚨 Type Rating alert: The aircraft type qualification (B737, A320 etc.) incurs additional costs of €25,000–€35,000. Some airlines (cadet programmes) cover this in exchange for a binding service obligation. Always read contract terms carefully.

📋 EASA Licence Structure — A Complete Overview

Across Europe (including Belgium), pilot licences follow the regulations of the EASA (European Union Aviation Safety Agency). Understanding the licence levels is essential to planning your training route accurately.

LicenceFull NameMin. Flight HoursPurpose
PPL(A) Private Pilot Licence 45 hrs Private, non-commercial flying
CPL(A) Commercial Pilot Licence 200 hrs Paid flying (co-pilot etc.)
IR(A) Instrument Rating 50 hrs (instrument) Instrument flight (cloud, night)
ATPL Frozen Frozen ATPL 250 hrs (post-training) CPL/IR + ATPL theory passed. First Officer permitted
ATPL Full Airline Transport Pilot Licence 1,500 hrs Pilot-in-Command (PIC). Ultimate goal
MPL Multi-Crew Pilot Licence 240 hrs Tied to specific airline and aircraft type. Low flexibility

The 14 ATPL Theory Subjects

Subject GroupSubjects IncludedDifficulty
Aviation LawAir Law, ProceduresMedium
Aircraft KnowledgeAircraft General Knowledge, Powerplant, ElectricsHigh
Flight PerformanceFlight Performance & Planning, Mass & BalanceHigh
Human FactorsHuman Performance & LimitationsLow
MeteorologyMeteorologyMedium
NavigationGeneral Navigation, Radio NavigationHigh
Operational ProceduresOperational Procedures, Principles of FlightMedium
CommunicationsCommunications (VFR/IFR)Low
💡 ATPL theory exam strategy: In Belgium, exams are administered by the DGTA. All 14 subjects must be passed within 18 months, with a minimum score of 75% per subject. OAA (Oxford Aviation Academy) online study materials and the ATP (Airline Training Platform) question bank are the most effective tools.

💰 Salary Comparison by Airline — Brussels Airlines vs TUI fly

The two main airlines headquartered in Belgium are Brussels Airlines and TUI fly Belgium. Their salary structures differ considerably.

Brussels Airlines Salaries (gross, 2026)

FO Junior (years 1–3)
€3,000–4,000
FO Experienced (years 3–8)
€5,000–7,000
Captain (years 8–15)
€7,000–12,000
Senior Captain (15 years+)
€10,000–12,000+

※ Base salary + flight allowances + per diems combined. Varies by season and route. Gross figures.

TUI fly Belgium Salaries (gross, 2026)

FO (First Officer, all seniority)
€4,000–5,000
Captain
€7,000–10,000

※ TUI fly is a charter airline; summer/winter variations are significant. Gross figures.

AirlineGradeBase salary (gross)Total incl. allowancesNet estimateNotes
Brussels Airlines FO Junior €2,500–3,200 €3,000–4,000 €2,000–2,800 NET Low allowances during probation
Brussels Airlines FO Experienced €3,800–5,500 €5,000–7,000 €3,400–4,700 NET Long-haul allowances added
Brussels Airlines Captain €6,000–9,000 €7,000–12,000+ €4,700–7,800 NET International bonus included
TUI fly Belgium FO €3,200–4,000 €4,000–5,000 €2,700–3,400 NET Significant seasonal variation
TUI fly Belgium Captain €5,500–7,500 €7,000–10,000 €4,700–6,500 NET Peak-season incentives
✈️ Allowance breakdown: In addition to base pay, a pilot's income comprises flight-hour allowances (€20–€60/hour), night allowances, per diems (international routes: €40–€80/day) and public holiday premiums. On high-flying months, actual income can be 20–30% above the figures shown.

📈 Income Curve by Career Stage — When Do You Reach €10,000?

An airline pilot's career follows clearly defined stages. Knowing the timelines and income for each phase makes realistic financial planning possible.

Training (years 0–2)
€0 (costs being incurred)
FO Junior (years 1–3 experience)
€3,000–4,000
FO Senior (years 3–8)
€5,000–7,000
Captain (years 8–15)
€7,000–12,000
Senior Captain (15 years+)
€10,000–12,000+

※ Brussels Airlines reference, flight allowances included. Gross figures.

StageSeniorityFlight hoursTotal grossNet estimateNote
Cadet / Training 0–2 years 0–250 hrs –€130,000 (expenditure) Training investment period
FO Junior Years 1–3 250–800 hrs €3,000–4,000 €2,000–2,800 NET Type Rating loan repayment begins
FO Experienced Years 3–8 800–1,500 hrs €5,000–7,000 €3,400–4,700 NET Full ATPL conversion possible
Captain Years 8–15 1,500–4,000 hrs €7,000–12,000 €4,700–7,800 NET Internal check required
Senior Captain 15 years+ 4,000 hrs+ €10,000–12,000+ €6,500–7,800 NET Retirement at 65 (EASA)
⚠️ Return on investment reality: Repaying €130,000 in training costs on an FO Junior salary takes a minimum of 5–7 years. It is important to recognise that income remains low relative to the investment until captain promotion. The long-term picture is very attractive, but the short-term return is modest.

📊 Key Statistics — Belgian Pilot Market 2026

The current state and outlook of the Belgian aviation market in numbers. Use these figures when forming your employment strategy.

1,500 hrs Min. flight hours for EASA Full ATPL
65 years EASA pilot retirement age
€107,000 CAE Brussels integrated ATPL course cost
~€10,800 Average total salary — Belgian pilot (gross)
IndicatorFigureSource
Number of Belgian airlines~12 AOCsDGTA, 2026
Annual passengers Brussels Airport~26 million2025 recovery basis
Average age of Belgian pilots~42 yearsIncreased hiring expected in 10 years
ATPL theory pass rate (Belgium)~70–75%Estimated DGTA statistics
Average time FO → Captain8–12 yearsVaries by airline and economy
Trainees affected by BAFA bankruptcy~200 (2024)Transferred to other ATOs
Highest annual pilot salary in Belgium€144,000+Senior Captain (annual basis)
Market outlook: Across Europe, demand for pilots is forecast to rise between 2025 and 2035. As Belgium's pilot population (average age 42) retires, fresh recruitment will accelerate. According to CAE and Boeing forecasts, Europe will need approximately 100,000 new pilots by 2035.
⚠️ Disclaimer: The salary data on this page is based on publications from the DGTA, EASA, Statbel and airlines, and constitutes estimates as of March 2026. Actual income can vary considerably depending on the airline, seniority, flight hours, routes and season. For decisions relating to enrolment at a flight school or a career in aviation, always consult an EASA-accredited career adviser, an active pilot or a professional union (Belgian Cockpit Association). This content is provided for informational purposes only and does not replace personalised advice.
🏠